Perceived Arousal Scale

by Psychology Roots
14 views
A+A-
Reset

Perceived Arousal Scale

Here in this post, we are sharing the “Perceived Arousal Scale”. You can read psychometric and Author information.  We have thousands of Scales and questionnaires in our collection (See Scales and Questionnaires). You can demand us any scale and questionnaires related to psychology through our community, and we will provide you with a short time. Keep visiting Psychology Roots.

About Scale Name

Scale Name

Perceived Arousal Scale

Author Details

Craig A. Anderson

Translation Availability

Not Sure

Perceived Arousal Scale
Perceived Arousal Scale

Background/Description

The Perceived Arousal Scale (PAS) is a self-report measure of an individual’s current state of arousal. It was developed by Craig A. Anderson, William E. Deuser, and Karen DeNeve in 1995. The PAS consists of 24 items, each of which is rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely). The items are designed to assess a variety of aspects of arousal, including physical, cognitive, and emotional arousal.

The background of the PAS can be traced back to the early 1990s, when Anderson and his colleagues were conducting research on the effects of media violence on aggression. They found that exposure to violent media can increase arousal, which can lead to aggressive behavior. However, they also found that people differ in their perceived arousal levels. Some people are more easily aroused than others, and this can make them more susceptible to the effects of media violence.

The PAS was developed to measure these individual differences in perceived arousal. The scale was designed to be brief and easy to use, and it has been shown to be reliable and valid. The PAS has been used in a variety of research studies, and it has also been used in clinical settings to assess the effectiveness of interventions for anxiety disorders.

The Perceived Arousal Scale (PAS) is a comprehensive tool consisting of 24 items, carefully designed to assess an individual’s state of arousal. These items, some of which are reverse scored, offer valuable insights into the perceived arousal levels of the respondent. To gain a deeper understanding of how anxiety influences perceived arousal, three separate stepwise regression analyses were conducted.

In the regression analyses, the PAS Total score before, during, and after a stress test served as the dependent variables, while the Total score of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) was utilized as a predictor. In order to account for potential influences of age and gender, these variables were initially incorporated into the model as independent variables.

It is worth noting that during the process, careful consideration was given to the overlapping items between the MASC Physical Anxiety Scale and the PAS. By addressing this overlap, we ensured the accuracy and reliability of the data collected, allowing for a more robust analysis of the relationship between anxiety and perceived arousal.

Administration, Scoring and Interpretation

Preparations: Ensure you have all the necessary materials, including the scale forms, scoring keys (if applicable), and any additional resources needed for administration. Create a suitable environment that is comfortable and conducive to the assessment process.

Explain the Purpose: Before administering the scale, explain its purpose and significance to the participant. Provide a brief overview of what the scale measures and how the results will be used. Assure them of confidentiality and privacy.

Obtain Informed Consent: Obtain informed consent from the participant, ensuring they understand their rights, the voluntary nature of their participation, and any potential risks or benefits associated with the assessment. Address any questions or concerns they may have.

Instructions: Clearly explain the instructions for completing the scale. Ensure the participant understands how to respond to each item, whether it involves selecting an option, rating on a scale, or providing open-ended responses. Emphasize the importance of answering honestly and to the best of their ability.

Answering the Scale: Allow the participant to complete the scale independently or provide assistance if necessary. Ensure they have enough time and privacy to answer the items without feeling rushed or pressured. Be available to clarify any uncertainties they may encounter.

Scoring: Once the participant has completed the scale, score their responses according to the predetermined guidelines. Follow the scoring instructions provided in the scale’s manual or guidelines. Some scales may require manual scoring, while others may have automated scoring tools or software available.

Interpretation: After scoring, interpret the results based on the scale’s guidelines. This may involve comparing the participant’s scores to established norms or cut-off points, identifying patterns or trends in their responses, and considering the scale’s validity and reliability. Exercise caution when interpreting results and consider seeking consultation or involving professionals if needed.

Reliability and Validity

The Perceived Arousal Scale (PAS) is a self-report measure of an individual’s current state of arousal. It was developed by Craig A. Anderson, William E. Deuser, and Karen DeNeve in 1995. The PAS has been shown to be reliable and valid.

Reliability refers to the consistency of the scale. A reliable scale will produce consistent results over time and across different situations. The PAS has been shown to be reliable in a number of studies. For example, one study found that the PAS had a test-retest reliability of 0.87, which means that the scores on the scale were consistent over a two-week period.

Validity refers to the extent to which the scale measures what it is supposed to measure. The PAS has been shown to be valid in a number of studies. For example, one study found that the PAS correlated with other measures of arousal, such as heart rate and blood pressure. This suggests that the PAS is measuring actual arousal, rather than just how people feel.

Available Versions

24-Items

Reference

Anderson, C.A, Deuser, W.E., DeNeve, K. (1995). Hot temperatures, hostile affect, hostile cognition, and arousal: Tests of a general model of affective aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 434-448.

Anderson, C.A., Anderson, K.B., & Deuser, W.E. (1996). Examining an affective aggression
framework: Weapon and temperature effects on aggressive thoughts, affect, and attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 366-376.

Important Link

Scale File:

Frequently Asked Questions

How many items does the PAS have?
24

What is the score range of the PAS?
24-120

How is the PAS scored?
Reverse score 9 items and add up the scores.

What is the reliability of the PAS?
0.87

What is the validity of the PAS?
It correlates with other measures of arousal, such as heart rate and blood pressure.

Disclaimer

Please note that Psychology Roots does not have the right to grant permission for the use of any psychological scales or assessments listed on its website. To use any scale or assessment, you must obtain permission directly from the author or translator of the tool. Psychology Roots provides information about various tools and their administration procedures, but it is your responsibility to obtain proper permissions before using any scale or assessment. If you need further information about an author’s contact details, please submit a query to the Psychology Roots team.

Help Us Improve This Article

Have you discovered an inaccuracy? We put out great effort to give accurate and scientifically trustworthy information to our readers. Please notify us if you discover any typographical or grammatical errors.
Make a comment. We acknowledge and appreciate your efforts.

Share With Us

If you have any scale or any material related to psychology kindly share it with us at psychologyroots@gmail.com. We help others on behalf of you.

Follow

Related Posts

Leave a Comment

Adblock Detected

Please support us by disabling your AdBlocker extension from your browsers for our website.