Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein

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Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein

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About Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein

The CTQ (see Appendix 4) is appropriate to use with adults and inquires about five types of maltreatment that occurred during childhood, which are identified on the following five scales:

  • Emotional Abuse
  • Physical Abuse
  • Sexual Abuse
  • Emotional Neglect
  • Physical Neglect

Each scale has four levels of maltreatment: None, Low, Moderate and Severe. There are 28 items and it takes about 5 minutes to complete. Each item has a Likert scale response format with the options Never True, Rarely True, Sometimes True, Often True and Very Often True. The CTQ also includes three items that assess minimization or denial in order to detect participants who may underreport maltreatment. The CTQ was validated with data from over 2,000 respondents, including both clinical and non-clinical groups (see Bernstein and Fink, 1998). It has also been used in previous studies examining the links between childhood trauma and psychosis (e.g. Roy, 2005).

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein

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