An Exploration of the Relationship between Burnout, Occupational Stress and Emotional Intelligence in the Nursing Industry

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An Exploration of the Relationship between Burnout, Occupational Stress and Emotional Intelligence in the Nursing Industry

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Abstract of the thesis

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between burnout, occupational stress and emotional intelligence (EI) in the nursing industry and to determine whether emotional intelligence is a moderator in the occupational stress and burnout relationship. The existence of these relationships was explored through a nonexperimental controlled inquiry.

An Exploration of the Relationship between Burnout, Occupational Stress and Emotional Intelligence in the Nursing Industry

An Exploration of the Relationship between Burnout, Occupational Stress and Emotional Intelligence in the Nursing Industry


The constructs were defined as follows: burnout, as a syndrome consisting of three components: Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalisation and a Reduced sense of Personal Accomplishment (Maslach & Jackson, 1986); EI, as the capacity to effectively perceive, express, understand and manage emotions in a professional and effective manner at work (Palmer & Stough, 2001); and Occupational Stress, as an interaction of variables, which involve the relationship between a person and the environment, which is appraised by the individual as taxing or exceeding coping resources and threatening well-being (Schlebusch, 1998).
A sample of 220 individuals was randomly selected from a specialist employment agency (in the medical industry) and consisted of two groups, overtime and contract staff, which included those that are contracted to a private hospital group through the employment agency or alternatively, individuals who are permanently employed by the hospital group, but work additional overtime through the agency (contract workers and overtime workers). Three levels were included (1) Registered Nurses, (2) Enrolled Nurses and (3) Auxiliary Nurses. The Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey, the Sources of Work Stress Inventory and Swinburne University Emotional Intelligence Test were administered.
A hundred and twenty two (122) respondents completed and returned the questionnaires. The results showed that significant positive relationships exist between occupational stress and two dimensions of burnout, Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalisation. Significant negative relationships were reported for Emotional Exhaustion (as dimension of burnout) and two dimensions of EI, Emotional Management and Emotional Control and between Depersonalisation (as dimension of burnout) and Emotional Management and Emotional Control (as dimensions of EI). Personal Accomplishment, as the third dimension of burnout, showed significant positive relationships with four of the five dimensions of EI.
Significant relationships were found between Depersonalisation and Emotional Exhaustion (as dimensions of burnout). Furthermore, the sources of stress found to be the strongest predictors for the three dimensions of burnout include: Workload and Work/Home interface (as sources of stress) for Emotional Exhaustion and Work/Home interface for Depersonalisation. The EI dimensions which predicted the greatest variance in the dimensions of burnout included: Emotional Management and Understanding Emotions External in Emotional Exhaustion; Emotional Management for Depersonalisation and Understanding Emotions External for Personal Accomplishment.
Understanding Emotions External, Emotional Management and Emotional Control were all significant contributors to variance in occupational stress. Lastly, high EI very slightly seem to moderate the effects of occupational stress on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalisation versus low EI in this regard. No moderating effect of EI was found on occupational stress and Personal Accomplishment. The limitations of the study and recommendations for future research were discussed.

Researcher of the Thesis 

  •  Támari Brand

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