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Conners Parent Rating Scale – Revised
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About Conners Parent Rating Scale – Revised
Scale Name
Conners Parent Rating Scale – Revised
Author Details
C. Keith Conners
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R) is a widely used tool in child psychology for assessing behavioral and emotional problems in children and adolescents. Developed by Dr. C. Keith Conners, the CPRS-R builds upon the success of the original Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) and offers several key improvements.
Prior to the CPRS-R, mental health professionals relied heavily on clinician observations and teacher reports to evaluate child behavior. While valuable, these approaches lacked the comprehensive perspective a parent could provide. The original CPRS, introduced in the 1980s, addressed this gap by offering a standardized questionnaire for parents to report on their child’s behavior at home.
The CPRS-R takes this a step further. Recognizing the evolving understanding of childhood disorders, the CPRS-R features updated item content to reflect current knowledge about child behavior problems. Additionally, it utilizes a more robust factor structure, allowing for a more nuanced analysis of a child’s strengths and weaknesses.
The CPRS-R typically asks parents to rate the frequency of specific behaviors their child has exhibited within a designated timeframe, often the past month. These behaviors encompass a wide range, including inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, oppositional defiance, emotional dysregulation, social difficulties, and somatic complaints. By quantifying these behaviors, the CPRS-R helps paint a clearer picture of a child’s overall functioning.
The revised scale also incorporates subscales, which group related items together. These subscales, typically seven in number, correspond to specific behavioral domains such as Oppositional behavior, Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Cognitive problems/Inattention, Anxious-Shy, Perfectionism, Social Problems, and Psychosomatic complaints. Analyzing these subscales allows mental health professionals to identify specific areas where a child might be struggling.
The CPRS-R is a valuable tool for various clinical applications. It can be used in initial assessments to screen for potential behavior problems. It can also be employed to track treatment progress over time, allowing therapists and parents to monitor a child’s response to interventions. Additionally, the CPRS-R can be helpful in differential diagnosis, aiding in distinguishing between different childhood disorders that may share overlapping symptoms.
The CPRS-R is not without limitations. As a parent-reported measure, it relies on the parent’s ability to accurately observe and report their child’s behavior. Additionally, cultural factors and parental biases can influence responses. Furthermore, the CPRS-R is a standardized tool and may not capture the full complexity of a child’s unique experiences.
Despite these limitations, the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised remains a cornerstone in the assessment of childhood behavior problems. Its standardized format, comprehensive scope, and focus on parent perspectives make it a valuable tool for mental health professionals working with children and adolescents.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
The Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R) is designed for administration by a qualified mental health professional, typically a psychologist, psychiatrist, or social worker. Here’s a breakdown of the administration process:
Preparation:
- Clinician: The clinician should be familiar with the CPRS-R manual, including scoring procedures and interpretation guidelines. They should also understand the child’s background information and reason for referral.
- Parent: The clinician should explain the purpose of the CPRS-R to the parent and obtain informed consent for its administration. They can clarify that the scale helps assess the child’s behavior at home and answer any questions the parent may have.
Administration:
- Format: The CPRS-R comes in two formats: a Long Form (80 items) and a Short Form (27 items). The choice depends on the clinician’s needs; the Long Form provides a more comprehensive assessment, while the Short Form is quicker to complete.
- Instructions: The clinician provides the parent with the appropriate CPRS-R form and instructs them to read each statement carefully. Each statement describes a child’s behavior.
- Rating: The parent then rates the frequency with which their child exhibits the behavior described in the statement. Typically, a 4-point scale is used, ranging from “Never” (0) to “Very Often” (3).
- Clarification: The clinician should be available to clarify any questions the parent may have about specific items or rating options.
Additional Considerations:
- Timeframe: The clinician should specify the timeframe the parent should consider when rating their child’s behavior. This is often the past month, but can be adjusted based on the clinical situation.
- Completion Time: Depending on the format used, completing the CPRS-R typically takes 15-30 minutes.
- Privacy: The clinician should ensure a private and comfortable environment for the parent to complete the scale.
Reliability and Validity
The Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R) boasts strong psychometric properties, which are essential for a reliable and valid assessment tool. Let’s delve into the key aspects of its reliability and validity:
- Internal Consistency: The CPRS-R demonstrates good internal consistency, meaning the items within each subscale measure a similar underlying construct. This is reflected by high alpha coefficients, typically exceeding .70, indicating the items are measuring the same thing.
- Test-Retest Reliability: The CPRS-R exhibits good test-retest reliability. This means that if a parent completes the scale twice within a short, stable period (e.g., a week), their scores should be fairly consistent. This ensures the scale measures a child’s consistent behavior patterns and not random fluctuations.
- Content Validity: The CPRS-R items are carefully chosen to reflect current knowledge about childhood behavioral problems. This ensures the scale comprehensively assesses the intended domains, such as ADHD symptoms, oppositional behavior, and emotional dysregulation.
- Criterion Validity: The CPRS-R scores correlate well with other established measures of childhood behavior, such as teacher rating scales and clinician observations. This convergence with other assessments strengthens the validity of the CPRS-R findings.
- Construct Validity: The CPRS-R subscales align with theoretical models of childhood behavior disorders. For example, the subscales for Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity support the core dimensions used to diagnose ADHD. This construct validity suggests the scale captures meaningful aspects of the child’s behavioral functioning.
Available Versions
80-Items
Reference
Conners, C. K., Sitarenios, G., Parker, J. D., & Epstein, J. N. (1998). The revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 26(4), 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022602400621
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the CPRS-R?
A standardized questionnaire for parents to report on their child’s behavior.
Who developed it?
Dr. C. Keith Conners
What does it assess?
Behavioral and emotional problems in children and adolescents.
How is it administered?
By a qualified mental health professional (parent completes the form).
Are there different versions?
Yes, a Long Form (80 items) and a Short Form (27 items).
What are some things parents rate?
Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, oppositional behavior, emotions, social skills.
How are the results interpreted?
Scores are compared to norms to see how a child compares to others.
Is the CPRS-R reliable?
Yes, it shows good consistency in its results.
Is the CPRS-R valid?
Yes, it measures what it’s designed to measure and aligns with other assessments.
Does the CPRS-R diagnose a condition?
No, it’s a tool used alongside other assessments for diagnosis.
Are there limitations to the CPRS-R?
Yes, it relies on parent report and may not capture the full picture.
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