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Beck Hopelessness Scale

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Beck Hopelessness Scale

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About Scale Name

Scale Name

Beck Hopelessness Scale

Author Details

Dr. Aaron T. Beck

Translation Availability

Urdu

Beck Hopelessness Scale
Beck Hopelessness Scale

Background/Description

The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is a 20-item self-report inventory developed by Aaron T. Beck and his colleagues in 1974. It is designed to measure hopelessness, which is defined as the expectation that one’s future will be negative and that one’s efforts to change one’s life will be futile. Hopelessness is a key symptom of depression and a risk factor for suicide.

The BHS has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of hopelessness. It has been used in a variety of research studies to predict suicide risk in depressed patients. The BHS has also been used to assess the effectiveness of treatments for depression.

The BHS consists of 20 items that are rated on a true/false scale. The items assess three aspects of hopelessness:

  • Feelings about the future: Items such as “I might as well give up because there’s nothing I can do to make things better for me” and “I don’t see much hope for my future.”
  • Loss of motivation: Items such as “I don’t feel like I have what it takes to succeed” and “I don’t see the point in trying anymore.”
  • Expectations: Items such as “I don’t think anything good is going to happen to me” and “I don’t think I’ll ever get better.”

To score the BHS, simply count the number of items that you answered “true” to. Your score will range from 0 to 20, with a higher score indicating greater hopelessness. A score of 0-3 is considered normal, 4-8 is mild hopelessness, 9-14 is moderate hopelessness, and 15-20 is severe hopelessness.

The BHS is a valuable tool for assessing hopelessness. It is easy to administer and score, and it has been shown to be reliable and valid. The BHS can be used to screen for hopelessness in clinical settings, to monitor the course of treatment for depression, and to assess the risk of suicide.

Administration, Scoring and Interpretation

To administer the BHS, the following steps should be followed:

  • The examiner should read the instructions to the participant and answer any questions that they may have.
  • The examiner should give the participant the BHS and ask them to read each item carefully and indicate whether they believe the statement is true or false for them.
  • The examiner should collect the BHS from the participant and score it.

The BHS is scored by counting the number of items that the participant answered “true” to. The total score can range from 0 to 20, with a higher score indicating greater hopelessness. A score of 0-3 is considered normal, 4-8 is mild hopelessness, 9-14 is moderate hopelessness, and 15-20 is severe hopelessness.

Reliability and Validity

The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is a 20-item self-report inventory that is designed to measure hopelessness. It is a true/false test that is administered to adults, age 17–80. The BHS has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of hopelessness.

Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. The BHS has been shown to have good test-retest reliability, meaning that it produces similar scores over time. In one study, the BHS had a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.81. This means that the scores of participants on the BHS were highly correlated (r = 0.81) when they took the test twice, one week apart.

The BHS also has good internal consistency, meaning that the items on the scale are measuring the same construct. In one study, the BHS had an internal consistency coefficient of 0.89. This means that the items on the BHS are highly correlated with each other, suggesting that they are measuring the same underlying construct of hopelessness.

Validity refers to the accuracy of a measure. The BHS has been shown to have good validity. It has been shown to correlate with other measures of hopelessness, such as the Hopelessness Scale-Revised and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The BHS has also been shown to predict suicide risk in depressed patients. In one study, the BHS was able to correctly identify 85% of patients who were at risk for suicide.

Available Versions

20-Items

Reference

Beck, A. T., Weissman, A., Lester, D., & Trexler, L. (1974). The measurement of pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42(6), 861–865. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037562

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Important Link

Scale File:

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Beck Hopelessness Scale?
It is a 20-item self-report inventory that measures hopelessness.

Who developed the Beck Hopelessness Scale?
Aaron T. Beck, A. Weissman, D. Lester, and L. Trexler.

What is the purpose of the Beck Hopelessness Scale?
To measure hopelessness, which is a key symptom of depression and a risk factor for suicide.

How is the Beck Hopelessness Scale scored?
Each item is scored as “true” or “false,” and the total score ranges from 0 to 20, with a higher score indicating greater hopelessness.

What are the cut-offs for the Beck Hopelessness Scale?
A score of 0-3 is considered normal, 4-8 is mild hopelessness, 9-14 is moderate hopelessness, and 15-20 is severe hopelessness.

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1 comment

Khaizran Iftekhar February 14, 2021 - 10:28 pm

I need hopelessness scale in Urdu

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