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Adult State Hope Scale
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About Adult State Hope Scale
Scale Name
Adult State Hope Scale
Author Details
C. R. Snyder
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Adult State Hope Scale (SHS) is a tool designed to assess your current level of hope. Unlike other hope scales that measure your general outlook, the SHS focuses on your hopeful thinking in the specific moment. Developed by Charles R. Snyder, Carol L. Harris, Paul A. Hope, and W. Bruce Joiner in 1996, this scale draws upon Hope Theory, which defines hope as a two-part belief system:
- Agency: Confidence in your ability to take action towards your goals.
- Pathways: Belief in your ability to identify and navigate different routes to achieve those goals.
The SHS uses six statements, rated on an 8-point scale from “Definitely False” to “Definitely True,” to assess these two components. Examples include:
- “If I should find myself in a jam, I could think of many ways to get out of it.” (Pathways)
- “At the present time, I am energetically pursuing my goals.” (Agency)
By scoring each statement and calculating sub-scores for agency and pathways, you can gain insights into your current hopeful thinking.
Applications of the SHS:
- Research: Understanding the connection between hope and other psychological factors like well-being, coping, and achievement.
- Clinical settings: Assessing clients’ current hope levels and monitoring progress over time.
- Educational settings: Identifying students who may need additional support by evaluating their hope.
Key points to remember:
- The SHS is a brief, reliable, and valid measure of state hope.
- It should be administered and interpreted by a qualified professional.
- The SHS is distinct from the Adult Hope Scale (AHS), which measures dispositional hope, not state hope.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Explain the purpose: Briefly explain to participants that the questionnaire is about their current thoughts and feelings regarding specific goals they’re pursuing. Emphasize that there are no right or wrong answers.
- Provide instructions: Clearly explain how to answer each question using the 8-point Likert scale (ranging from “Definitely False” to “Definitely True”). Encourage participants to answer honestly and based on their present state.
- Confidentiality: Assure participants about the confidentiality of their responses.
- Administer the questionnaire: Distribute the questionnaires and allow participants ample time to complete them independently.
- Collect the questionnaires: After completion, gather the answered questionnaires politely and thank the participants for their time.
Reliability and Validity
The Adult State Hope Scale (SHS) has been tested and evaluated in various studies, showing overall good reliability and validity, making it a useful tool for measuring state hope. Here’s a breakdown of its key strengths:
- Internal consistency: The scale demonstrates strong internal consistency, meaning the items within each subscale (Agency and Pathways) are highly correlated, supporting a unified construct of state hope. Studies typically report Cronbach’s alpha values exceeding 0.70, indicating good internal reliability.
- Test-retest reliability: The SHS shows moderate to good test-retest reliability, indicating that scores remain relatively stable over time within individuals. Reported correlations tend to fall between 0.60 and 0.80, depending on the time interval between administrations.
- Face validity: The items clearly tap into the concepts of agency and pathways, making the scale intuitive and easy to understand.
- Convergent validity: The SHS scores correlate positively with other measures of positive emotions, well-being, and coping, suggesting it validly assesses a similar construct.
- Discriminant validity: The SHS scores show low to moderate correlations with measures of negative emotions like depression and anxiety, indicating it captures a distinct concept from negative states.
Available Versions
06-Items
Reference
Snyder, C. R., Sympson, S. C., Ybasco, F. C., Borders, T. F., Babyak, M. A., & Higgins, R. L. (1996). Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. Journal of personality and social psychology, 70(2), 321.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Adult State Hope Scale (SHS)?
The SHS is a short, self-report questionnaire that measures your current level of hopefulness regarding specific goals. It assesses two key components:
- Agency: Belief in your ability to take action towards your goals.
- Pathways: Belief in your ability to identify and navigate different routes to achieve those goals.
What are the benefits of using the SHS?
Quick and easy to administer: Takes less than 5 minutes to complete.
Reliable and valid: Shows good consistency and accurately measures state hope.
Useful in various settings: Applied in research, clinical practice, and education.
Provides insights into goal-directed thinking: Helps evaluate current hopeful perspectives.
How is the SHS administered?
Participants read and answer 6 statements on an 8-point Likert scale (from “Definitely False” to “Definitely True”).
Scores are calculated for each component (Agency and Pathways) and a total score.
Who can administer the SHS?
Ideally, trained professionals like researchers, clinicians, or educators familiar with interpreting psychological assessments.
What are the limitations of the SHS?
Not a diagnostic tool: Cannot diagnose mental health conditions.
Self-report bias: Susceptible to how individuals answer, potentially impacting accuracy.
Sample specificity: Psychometric properties might vary across different populations.
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