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Nonphysical Aggression scale – Pittsburgh Youth Study
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About Scale Name
Scale Name
Nonphysical Aggression scale – Pittsburgh Youth Study
Author Details
Rolf Loeber, David P. Farrington, Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, and Marjan Van Kammen.
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Pittsburgh Youth Study is a longitudinal research project that aims to understand the development and outcomes of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. As part of this study, the researchers developed a scale to measure nonphysical aggression.
The study was conducted by Rolf Loeber, David P. Farrington, Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, and Marjan Van Kammen in 1998. It initially included male students who were in grades 1, 4, and 7 in either 1987 or 1988. These participants were followed over an extended period, tracking their aggressive behaviors and examining the potential consequences in adulthood.
The Nonphysical Aggression scale within the Pittsburgh Youth Study is designed to assess various forms of nonphysical aggressive behaviors. This includes behaviors such as arguing, bragging, seeking attention, and disobeying parents and teachers. The scale consists of 16 items that capture different manifestations of nonphysical aggression.
One important aspect of the scale is its high internal consistency, with a reported reliability coefficient of .85. This indicates that the items within the scale consistently measure the construct of nonphysical aggression, providing a reliable assessment tool for researchers.
The study’s focus on nonphysical aggression is significant as it expands the understanding of aggressive behavior beyond physical aggression. By examining behaviors such as arguing and attention-seeking, the researchers aimed to gain insight into a broader range of aggressive behaviors that can have adverse effects on individuals’ lives.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
The administration of the Nonphysical Aggression scale within the Pittsburgh Youth Study involved the following procedures:
Selection of Participants: The study initially included male students who were in grades 1, 4, and 7 in either 1987 or 1988. These participants were selected from schools in the Pittsburgh area.
Data Collection: The researchers collected data through various methods, including interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The Nonphysical Aggression scale was likely administered through self-report questionnaires or interviews with the participants.
Scale Items: The Nonphysical Aggression scale consists of 16 items that assess different nonphysical aggressive behaviors, such as arguing, bragging, seeking attention, and disobeying parents and teachers. Participants would have been asked to respond to these items based on their own behaviors or experiences.
Scoring: Each item on the Nonphysical Aggression scale would have likely been scored on a Likert-type scale, where participants indicate the frequency or intensity of the behavior being measured. The specific scoring method may vary depending on the scale’s design and the response format used.
Reliability and Validity
The reliability and validity of the Nonphysical Aggression scale within the Pittsburgh Youth Study are important considerations for evaluating its psychometric properties. Although the specific psychometric properties of the scale were not explicitly mentioned in the information provided, I can provide a general overview of reliability and validity concepts.
Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of measurement. It indicates the extent to which the scale produces consistent results when administered multiple times or by different individuals. Internal consistency is one aspect of reliability, and it is often assessed using measures such as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The information provided indicates that the Nonphysical Aggression scale has an internal consistency of .85. This suggests a high level of reliability, indicating that the items within the scale consistently measure the same construct of nonphysical aggression.
Validity refers to the extent to which a scale measures what it intends to measure and the accuracy of the inferences and conclusions drawn from the scores. There are different types of validity that can be examined, including content validity, construct validity, and criterion validity.
Content validity refers to the extent to which the scale’s items represent the construct being measured. In the case of the Nonphysical Aggression scale, the items were selected to capture various forms of nonphysical aggressive behaviors, such as arguing, bragging, seeking attention, and disobeying parents and teachers. The scale’s content validity would depend on how well these items cover the range of nonphysical aggressive behaviors.
Construct validity refers to the extent to which the scale measures the intended construct and relates to other theoretically related constructs. To establish construct validity, researchers often examine patterns of relationships with other measures and theories. This may involve assessing correlations with other measures of aggression or related constructs, such as impulsivity or conduct problems.
Criterion validity assesses the extent to which the scale’s scores are related to an external criterion or outcome. For example, in the Pittsburgh Youth Study, researchers may have examined whether the Nonphysical Aggression scores predicted later outcomes such as delinquency, academic achievement, or social functioning.
Available Versions
16-Items
Reference
Loeber, R., Farrington, D. P., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Van Kammen, W. B. (1998). Nonphysical Aggression—Pittsburgh Youth Study. Unpublished raw data.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the Pittsburgh Youth Study?
A: The Pittsburgh Youth Study is a longitudinal research project that aims to understand the development and outcomes of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. It tracks a cohort of male students from grades 1, 4, and 7 into adulthood to examine the long-term effects of aggression.
Q: What is nonphysical aggression?
A: Nonphysical aggression refers to aggressive behaviors that do not involve physical harm or violence. These behaviors can include arguing, bragging, seeking attention, disobeying parents and teachers, and other forms of verbal or relational aggression.
Q: How was nonphysical aggression measured in the Pittsburgh Youth Study?
A: Nonphysical aggression was measured using a scale developed specifically for the Pittsburgh Youth Study. The scale consists of 16 items that assess various nonphysical aggressive behaviors such as arguing, bragging, seeking attention, and disobedience.
Q: What is the internal consistency of the Nonphysical Aggression scale?
A: The Nonphysical Aggression scale within the Pittsburgh Youth Study demonstrated a high level of internal consistency, with a reported reliability coefficient of .85. This indicates that the items within the scale consistently measure the construct of nonphysical aggression.
Q: Who were the authors of the Nonphysical Aggression—Pittsburgh Youth Study?
A: The authors of the Nonphysical Aggression—Pittsburgh Youth Study are Rolf Loeber, David P. Farrington, Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, and Marjan Van Kammen.
Q: What were the goals of the Pittsburgh Youth Study?
A: The Pittsburgh Youth Study aimed to investigate the developmental pathways and outcomes associated with aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. It sought to understand the long-term consequences of aggression and delinquency and identify factors that contribute to these behaviors.
Q: Did the Pittsburgh Youth Study only focus on nonphysical aggression?
A: No, while the specific question pertains to the Nonphysical Aggression scale, the Pittsburgh Youth Study examined various forms of aggression, including both physical and nonphysical aggression. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of aggressive behavior across different domains.
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