Table of Contents
Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale
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About Scale Name
Scale Name
Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale
Author Details
P.M. Kohn
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale, developed by P.M. Kohn in 1972, aims to measure both authoritarian and rebellious tendencies within individuals. Kohn recognized that individuals can exhibit both authoritarian and rebellious characteristics to varying degrees, and he sought to capture this complexity in a balanced scale.
The scale was designed as a modification of the original “F-scale” developed by Theodor W. Adorno et al. in the 1950s, which focused primarily on measuring authoritarian personality traits. Kohn’s goal was to create a more comprehensive measure that included left-wing reversals, allowing for a balanced assessment of both authoritarianism and rebellion.
The term “left-wing reversals” refers to the inclusion of items on the scale that assess rebellious tendencies traditionally associated with left-wing political orientations. This addition acknowledges that rebellion against authority can manifest across the political spectrum, not solely on the right-wing or conservative end.
The motivation behind the development of the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale was to address the limitations of previous scales that primarily focused on authoritarianism while neglecting the rebellious aspects. Kohn recognized that individuals could exhibit varying degrees of both authoritarian and rebellious tendencies simultaneously, and that a more nuanced measurement was needed.
The scale was designed to capture individual differences in attitudes towards authority and rebellion, allowing researchers to assess the interplay between these dimensions. By measuring both authoritarian and rebellious tendencies, the scale aimed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of individuals’ orientations towards authority and their inclinations towards resisting or challenging it.
The specific details regarding the construction, validation, and scoring of the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale can be found in Kohn’s original article titled “The Authoritarianism-Rebellion scale: A balanced F Scale with left-wing reversals,” published in Sociometry in 1972. This article provides a detailed account of the scale’s development and the theoretical considerations behind its construction.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
Prepare the scale: Obtain a copy of the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale developed by P.M. Kohn in 1972. Ensure that the scale items are clearly presented and formatted for easy administration.
Instructions: Provide clear instructions to the participants regarding the purpose and nature of the scale. Explain that the scale aims to measure both authoritarian and rebellious tendencies and that their honest responses are essential for accurate assessment.
Individual completion: Distribute the scale to each participant, either as a physical questionnaire or in an electronic format. Instruct participants to read each item carefully and indicate their response according to their personal beliefs or attitudes. The response options typically include a rating scale (e.g., strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree) or numerical values.
Confidentiality and anonymity: Emphasize the confidentiality and anonymity of the responses to encourage participants to provide honest answers. Assure them that their individual responses will not be disclosed or linked to their identities.
Time frame: Specify a reasonable time frame for participants to complete the scale. This will depend on the number of items and the complexity of the scale. Ensure participants have sufficient time to read and respond to each item thoughtfully.
Clarification and assistance: If participants have questions or need clarification on any scale item, be available to provide assistance. However, avoid influencing their responses or providing interpretations that may bias the results.
Collection: Once participants have completed the scale, collect the response sheets or electronically recorded data, ensuring that they are properly organized for analysis.
Scoring: The scoring procedure will depend on the specific format and instructions provided in the original publication by Kohn. Follow the scoring guidelines outlined in the original article to assign numerical values or interpret the responses based on the rating scale used.
Reliability and Validity
Internal consistency: Internal consistency assesses the degree to which the items on the scale are interrelated and measure the same underlying construct. Researchers often use Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to evaluate internal consistency. Higher values indicate greater internal reliability, suggesting that the scale items are measuring a coherent concept consistently.
Test-retest reliability: Test-retest reliability measures the consistency of scores over time. It involves administering the scale to a group of participants on two separate occasions and correlating the scores obtained. A high correlation indicates that the scale yields consistent results over time.
Content validity: Content validity refers to the extent to which the scale items represent the construct being measured. It involves ensuring that the items cover the relevant aspects of both authoritarianism and rebellion. Expert judgment and theoretical grounding can help establish content validity.
Construct validity: Construct validity evaluates the extent to which the scale measures the intended construct and demonstrates relationships with other variables. Researchers often assess construct validity through various methods, such as factor analysis, to examine the underlying factor structure of the scale and whether it aligns with theoretical expectations.
Convergent and divergent validity: Convergent validity assesses the degree of association between the scale and other measures that theoretically relate to authoritarianism and rebellion. Divergent validity examines the scale’s ability to distinguish between the construct of interest and unrelated constructs. These validations help establish the scale’s unique contribution to understanding authoritarian and rebellious tendencies.
Criterion validity: Criterion validity examines the extent to which the scale correlates with external criteria that are theoretically linked to authoritarianism and rebellion. This could involve comparing scale scores to other established measures of similar constructs or demonstrating relationships with relevant behavioral or attitudinal outcomes.
Available Versions
30-Items
Reference
Kohn, P. M. (1972). The Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale: A balanced F Scale with left-wing reversals. Sociometry, 35(1), 176–189. https://doi.org/10.2307/2786557
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale?
A: The purpose of the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale is to measure both authoritarian and rebellious tendencies within individuals. It aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of attitudes towards authority and inclinations towards resistance or challenge.
Is the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale suitable for individual or group administration?
A: The scale can be administered to individuals either in a self-report format (individual administration) or through interviews. Both methods can be used depending on the research or assessment context. The suitability of individual or group administration should be determined based on the specific goals and requirements of the study or assessment.
Is the Authoritarianism-Rebellion Scale available for public use?
A: The availability and usage of the scale can depend on the specific copyright and permissions associated with the original publication by Kohn. It is recommended to consult the original article or contact the relevant authors or publishers to inquire about the availability and terms of use of the scale.
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