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Asian Cultural Values Scale
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About Asian Cultural Values Scale
Scale Name
Asian Cultural Values Scale
Author Details
Kim‚ B. S. K.‚ Yang‚ P. H.‚ Atkinson‚ D. R.‚ Wolfe‚ M. M‚ & Hong‚ S. (2001)
Email: bkim@psyc.umd.edu.
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The AVS is a 36-item instrument designed to assess adherence to Asian cultural values endorsed more strongly by Asian Americans than by European Americans. The AVS was empirically derived by the following two-step procedure. First, 112 Asian value statements reflecting 14 Asian value dimensions were generated from an extensive literature review, a nationwide survey of Asian American psychologists, and multiple focus-group discussions with Asian American graduate students.
Second, Asian American (n = 303) and European American (n = 63) students from four universities in southern California and one university in Hawaii enrolled in education or Asian American studies classes rated their degree of adherence to each value statement on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). Significant differences in values adherence between first-generation Asian Americans (n =83) and European Americans were found for 36 of the 112 items. Those 36 items that distinguished between European Americans and first-generation Asian Americans composed the AVS.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Introduction: Briefly explain the purpose of the study and why the participant’s contribution is valuable.
- Informed Consent (if applicable): If this is part of a research study, obtain informed consent from the participant before they begin. This typically involves them reading and signing a document explaining the study’s goals, potential risks and benefits, and how their data will be handled.
- Instructions: Provide clear instructions on how to complete the questionnaire. Explain the Likert scale used (e.g., 1= Strongly Disagree, 4= Strongly Agree). Emphasize answering honestly based on their own beliefs.
- Administration: Distribute the questionnaires and allow participants sufficient time to complete them independently.
- Answer Questions: Address any questions participants may have about the questionnaire or the study (if applicable).
- Collection: Collect the completed questionnaires after everyone has finished.
Reliability and Validity
The Asian Values Scale (AVS) shows promise in terms of reliability and validity, but some limitations are important to consider:
- Studies indicate the AVS has good internal consistency, meaning the individual items cohere in measuring the proposed cultural dimensions.
- Research also found evidence for test-retest reliability, suggesting the AVS produces consistent scores if administered twice within a short period.
- The AVS demonstrates evidence of content validity. The items were chosen based on their alignment with established Asian cultural values like collectivism and filial piety.
- Studies support concurrent validity. Scores on the AVS correlate with scores on other measures of cultural values and acculturation.
- However, discriminant validity might be an area for further exploration. While the AVS focuses on cultural value endorsement, other scales might assess acculturation behaviors. Ideally, these scores shouldn’t be highly correlated.
Limitations:
- The AVS might not capture the full spectrum of Asian cultural values due to the continent’s vast diversity.
- The concept of “Asian values” itself can be criticized for oversimplification and failing to account for variations within Asian cultures.
- Some studies haven’t subjected each item to rigorous analysis, potentially affecting the instrument’s sensitivity
Available Versions
46-Items
Reference
Kim, B. S., Yang, P. H., Atkinson, D. R., Wolfe, M. M., & Hong, S. (2001). Cultural value similarities and differences among Asian American ethnic groups. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7(4), 343.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is it?
A questionnaire to measure how much someone values things like collectivism, respect for elders, and emotional control.
How does it work?
You answer statements (e.g., “Family is more important than personal success”) on a scale (often 1=Disagree to 4=Agree).
What are the dimensions it measures?
Collectivism vs. Individualism
Conformity to Norms
In-Group Emphasis (family, friends)
Filial Piety (respecting elders)
Emotional Self-Control
Humility
Is it reliable?
Yes, generally shows consistent scores within a person and across similar groups.
Is it valid?
Somewhat. It captures core Asian values, but Asia is diverse and the concept of “Asian values” can be oversimplified.
Are there limitations?
Yes, it may not capture all Asian cultures and some criticisms exist about how it defines “Asian values.”
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