Imposterism Scale

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Imposterism Scale

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About Imposterism Scale

Author of Tool:

Leary, M. R.

Psychology in Modules by David Myers

Psychology: Modules for Active Learning by Dennis Coon

Primary use / Purpose:

Measuring the Imposterism Phenomenon.

Background:

The impostor phenomenon refers to people who are objectively competent but feel the opposite and therefore fear being unmasked. In light of the strength and pervasiveness of the self-esteem motive, the impostor phenomenon presents an enigma because so-called impostors appear to lack this fundamental tendency for self-enhancement. According to previous work, impostors experience discomfort when they succeed, attribute their successes to factors other than their ability, and deny they are as competent as their behavior seems to indicate (Clance, 1985; Clance & Imes, 1978; Harvey & Katz, 1985).

The belief that they are not as competent as they appear to others leads these otherwise successful individuals to feel like an impostor or a fraud and to fear public exposure of their inadequacies. This Imposterism Scale combines items from three most common measures of Imposterism: The Impostor Phenomenon Scale (IPS; Harvey & Katz, 1985), the Impostor Test (IT; Clance, 1985), and the Perceived Fraudulence Scale (PFS; Kolligian & Sternberg, 1991).

Psychometrics:

The reliabilities of the three impostor scales were acceptable: IT, .90; IPS, .72, PFS, .88. The three measures correlated highly with one another: IT with IPS,r = .70; IT with PFS,r = .86; IPS with PFS,r = .76; PS < .001.For full psychometric information on this scale see Leary, M. R., Patton, K., Orlando, A., & Funk, W. W. (2000). The impostor phenomenon: Self-perceptions, reflected appraisals, and interpersonal strategies. Journal of Personality, 68, 725-756.

Key references:

Leary, M. R., Patton, K., Orlando, A., & Funk, W. W. (2000). The impostor phenomenon: Self-perceptions, reflected appraisals, and interpersonal strategies. Journal of Personality, 68, 725-756.

Files:

Scale and Scoring Instructions

Weblink to the tool:

http://people.duke.edu/~leary/scales.html

Information:

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