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Parental Involvement Scale
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About Parental Involvement Scale
Scale Name
Parental Involvement Scale
Author Details
Patricia Voydanoff and Brenda W. Donnelly
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
In the late 1990s, researchers Patricia Voydanoff and Brenda W. Donnelly recognized the need for a simple yet effective tool to gauge teenagers’ perceptions of their parents’ involvement in their lives. Thus, the Parental Involvement scale (Voydanoff & Donnelly, 1999) was born.
This nine-item scale aimed to capture the full spectrum of parental engagement, beyond just school activities. It assessed aspects like communication, support, participation, and even the overall quality of the parent-child relationship. Each item featured a clear statement about parental behavior, like “I talk to my child about what they are learning in school,” rated on a scale from “never” to “always.”
This focus on adolescents’ own perspectives was unique, offering a valuable counterpoint to traditional teacher- or parent-driven assessments. It allowed researchers and educators to understand how young people themselves perceived their parents’ involvement, a crucial factor in their academic success and overall well-being.
The Voydanoff and Donnelly scale quickly gained popularity due to its conciseness, ease of administration, and robust psychometric properties. It proved reliable and valid in numerous studies, demonstrating its effectiveness in measuring parental involvement across diverse populations and contexts.
In conclusion, the Parental Involvement scale (Voydanoff & Donnelly, 1999) provided a much-needed tool for understanding the complex and multifaceted reality of parent-child relationships in adolescence. By prioritizing teenagers’ voices and capturing the breadth of parental engagement, it made a significant contribution to research and educational practice, paving the way for better strategies to support both parents and their children.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Preparation: Ensure quiet and comfortable surroundings for participants to focus. Introduce yourself and the purpose of the assessment clearly. Briefly explain the scale format, emphasizing anonymity and confidentiality.
- Distribution: Hand out the scales and ensure everyone has a copy. Encourage participants to read the instructions carefully if provided.
- Item Comprehension: If needed, clarify any ambiguities about the statements. Encourage participants to ask questions if they have any.
- Completion: Allow sufficient time for participants to read and rate each item thoughtfully. Remind them to use the full range of the 5-point scale (“never” to “always”).
- Collection: Once everyone has finished, collect the completed scales in a designated manner. Thank participants for their cooperation.
Reliability and Validity
The Parental Involvement Scale developed by Voydanoff and Donnelly in 1999 has undergone rigorous testing and demonstrated strong psychometric properties in terms of both reliability and validity. Here’s a breakdown of its strengths:
- Internal consistency: Studies have shown high internal consistency, meaning the individual items of the scale correlate well with each other and measure the same underlying construct of parental involvement. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients typically range from 0.80 to 0.90, indicating strong internal consistency.
- Test-retest reliability: When the scale is administered to the same group of participants twice with a time interval in between, the scores show high correlation, demonstrating that the scale yields consistent results over time.
- Face validity: The items on the scale clearly represent various aspects of parental involvement, making it seem logical and relevant to participants and researchers alike.
- Content validity: The scale covers a broad range of behaviors related to parental involvement, ensuring it comprehensively captures the concept.
- Criterion validity: The scale scores correlate well with other measures of parental involvement, such as teacher ratings or parent reports, demonstrating its accuracy in reflecting actual levels of engagement.
- Construct validity: The scale scores show expected relationships with other variables associated with parental involvement, such as adolescent academic achievement and emotional well-being. This supports the idea that the scale measures what it is intended to measure.
Available Versions
09-Items
Reference
Voydanoff, P., & Donnelly, B. W. (1999). Risk and protective factors for psychological adjustment and grades among adolescents. Journal of Family Issues, 20(3), 328-349.
Voydanoff, P., & Donnelly, B. W. (1998). Parents’ risk and protective factors as predictors of parental well-being and behavior. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 344-355.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Parental Involvement Scale measure?
A: Adolescents’ perceptions of their parents’ involvement in communication, support, participation, and overall relationship quality.
Q: How long Parental Involvement Scale is it?
A: Just 9 short statements, making it quick and easy to administer.
Q: Who is it for?
A: Primarily teenagers, but can be adapted for other age groups.
Q: How reliable is Parental Involvement Scale?
A: Strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability, meaning scores are consistent within the scale and over time.
Q: How valid is it?
A: Correlates well with other measures of parental involvement and expected related variables, confirming it accurately reflects what it measures.
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